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Added support for memory ballooning provided by qemux/qemu image

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Luca De Petrillo 2026-04-19 14:35:20 +02:00
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@ -170,6 +170,41 @@ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dockur/windows/refs/heads/mas
CPU_CORES: "4"
```
### How do I enable dynamic memory allocation?
By default, the VM is allocated the full amount of RAM configured via `RAM_SIZE` for its entire lifetime.
If you want the container to dynamically reclaim unused guest RAM based on host memory pressure, you can enable memory ballooning:
```yaml
environment:
BALLOONING: "Y"
```
This requires the VirtIO Balloon service to be installed in the guest. For all supported Windows versions, this happens automatically during unattended installation. If you are using a manual installation or an existing guest that was installed before this feature was added, you need to install it manually by running the following command inside the VM:
```bat
C:\Windows\Drivers\Balloon\blnsvr.exe -i
```
The following optional variables allow you to tune the ballooning behaviour:
| **Variable** | **Default** | **Description** |
|---|---|---|
| `BALLOONING` | _(off)_ | Set to `Y` to enable dynamic memory ballooning |
| `BALLOONING_MIN_MEM` | `33%` | Minimum balloon target, as a percentage of guest max memory (e.g. `33%`) or absolute size (e.g. `2G`) |
| `BALLOONING_RAM_THRESHOLD`| `80.0` | Target host RAM usage percentage; the PI controller aims to keep host usage at or below this value |
| `BALLOONING_RAM_THRESHOLD_HARD`| `90.0` | Host RAM usage percentage above which the balloon target may drop below guest RAM usage, inducing guest memory pressure |
| `BALLOONING_PSI_PRESSURE` | `10.0` | Host PSI `avg10` stall percentage at which the PSI ceiling begins to lower the balloon target |
| `BALLOONING_PSI_PRESSURE_MAX` | `50.0` | Host PSI `avg10` stall percentage at which the PSI ceiling reaches the configured minimum balloon target |
| `BALLOONING_HYSTERESIS` | `128M` | Minimum balloon target change required before a resize is applied, as a percentage (e.g. `2%`) or absolute size (e.g. `256M`) |
| `BALLOONING_KP` | `0.5` | PI controller proportional gain; higher values react faster but may oscillate |
| `BALLOONING_KI` | `0.05` | PI controller integral gain; higher values correct steady-state error faster but risk overshoot |
| `BALLOONING_INTERVAL` | `5` | Polling interval in seconds |
> [!NOTE]
> Memory ballooning uses Linux PSI (`/proc/pressure/memory`) for progressive pressure detection. Between `BALLOONING_PSI_PRESSURE` and `BALLOONING_PSI_PRESSURE_MAX` the PSI ceiling linearly lowers the maximum balloon target from guest max memory down to the configured minimum. If PSI is unavailable (kernel lacks `CONFIG_PSI`), both thresholds are silently skipped and ballooning continues using host memory usage alone.
### How do I configure the username and password?
By default, a user called `Docker` is created and its password is `admin`.